Biofloc bacteria The morphological and biochemical characterization of four bacterial isolates were shown in the Table 1. Organic materials, including fish waste and uneaten feed, are processed into biofloc—nutrient-rich microbial aggregates. Nov 1, 2021 · The mechanism behind the probiotic effect of biofloc is the competition between microorganisms in the floc and pathogen for space and some essential nutrients, and block multiplication of pathogenic bacteria. The composition and function of microorganisms with biofloc systems were reported; however, data on microorganisms other than bacteria, such as algae (which are essential in the nitrogen cycle) and zooplankton Nov 1, 2020 · Increased efforts to investigate the biofloc microbiome stem from their ability to confer immunomodulatory effects on marine animals. Ensure the BIOFloc Tank is well aerated and it will take up to 7 days to develop the floc in the tank. Jan 18, 2022 · The analytical techniques available for determining bacterial integrity and function are reviewed along with the factors that affect microbial community structure, water quality and production performance. The starter is a crucial carbon source for bacteria in the formation of biofloc. Jun 24, 2023 · Biofloc fish farming is a technique that utilizes the natural ability of microorganisms to convert excess nutrients into protein-rich flocs. 4 A), . Feb 1, 2024 · The biofloc formation level is affected by the C/N ratio of the system environment, and the mixotrophic biofloc in which autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria are adequately present is generally more favorable for shrimp growth, production and feed conversion rate (FCR) (Xu et al. Central to BFT are microbial aggregates (300–500 μm in diameter), comprising heterotrophic bacteria (Bacillus, Pseudomonas), autotrophic microalgae, and extracellular polymeric Apr 9, 2018 · Microbial Composition in Biofloc System Two functional groups of bacteria, namely chemoautotrophic nitrifying bacteria, and heterotrophic ammonia assimilating bacteria prevalent in BFT [18,19]. 1016/j. However, the influence of sucrose addition on the interaction, Aug 8, 2023 · Biofloc technology (BFT) has gained increased interest as a potential low-cost and environmentally friendly method for sustainable aquaculture development. It may act as a complete source of nutrition Organisms typically include bacteria, fungi, algae, protists, and zooplankton. Sep 14, 2023 · Biofloc bacteria thrive in the water and are responsible for the formation of dense microbial floc aggregates. , 2018). Biofloc culture system Biofloc Technology (BFT) is an innovative, affordable, environmentally friendly aquaculture system that enables sustainable fish and shrimp farming through minimal or zero water exchange. They replace biofilters in a classic clear water Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS). Nine Baci… Apr 15, 2020 · Since the energetics of heterotrophic bacteria are more favourable than those of autotrophic bacteria, it assumed that ammonia will be assimilated preferentially by heterotrophic bacteria under appropriate C/N condition. This increased bacterial biomass, along with aggregated organic matter and biofloc particles, contributes to higher total suspended solids (TSS) [24]. It is a colony of heterogeneous microorganisms, such as bacteria, algae, fungi, detritus, and invertebrates, which helps Jul 19, 2016 · Background Biofloc technology (BFT), a rearing method with little or no water exchange, is gaining popularity in aquaculture. This research explores the effects of the selective removal of settleable and unsettled bioflocs on biofloc quality, fish growth, nitrogen transformation and bacterial community dynamics in these systems. Jan 15, 2023 · Biofloc groups showed a higher bacterial diversity and a completely different composition compared to CW, with significant increase of Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes and a decrease in Verrumicrobia and Fusobacteria. The intensive microbial community presents in these systems can be used as a pond water quality treatment system, and the Dec 19, 2020 · Out of 42 bacterial isolates identified from biofloc culture system, only four bacteria were identified as pigment producing bacteria. Biofloc technology involves manipulation of C/N ratio to convert toxic nitrogenous wastes into the useful microbial protein and helps in improving water quality under a zero water exchange system. The intimate relationships between bacteria and the continuous flow of water through the digestive tracts of aquatic animals impact their native microflora in an aquatic environment. Feb 2, 2025 · The biofloc system is an aquaculture method that leverages microbial technology to convert organic waste into additional protein sources. Screening of Isolated Bacteria for Biofloc Production atalase, cytochrome-c, amylase, protease, and hemolysin activity, respectively as per the guideline outlined by Mastro Jan 18, 2022 · Several factors mediate the bacterial diversity, relative abundance and dynamics in BFT systems. ). Biofloc systems have several advantages, which include improved biosecurity, feed conversion, water use Jan 18, 2022 · The abundance of nitrogen compounds, phosphorous compounds and organic matter in biofloc technology (BFT) aquaculture systems creates an ideal medium for increasing microbial communities and load. It works on the principle of nutrient recycling. Biofloc technology can m eet all three of these requirements for sustainable aquaculture development by using bacteria as floc-forming agents. , 2016). Jun 26, 2024 · Biofloc technology (BFT) is an innovative approach in aquaculture that provides substantial advantages for the implementation of sustainable and efficient aquaculture techniques. Establishing nitrifying bacteria Experienced home aquarists understand that Sep 15, 2023 · Biofloc systems can solve several problems in aquaculture including: 1) effective microorganisms existing in the biofloc system compete with pathogenic bacteria in the aquaculture environment, thereby reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria and allowing water purification through useful microorganisms; 2) microorganisms present in the Jan 11, 2017 · Biofloc is a conglomeric aggregation of microbial communities such as phytoplankton, bacteria, and living and dead particulate organic matter. cloacae CAUCoF_BF_01 Jan 1, 2023 · Biofloc (bio = life, floc = a clump) is thus primarily an aggregate of living organisms, such as algae, bacteria, protozoans, zooplankton, and organic matter, into a symbiotic structure. However, the addition of external organic carbon source and the increased aeration needed to promote biofloc formation could be a limitation of this technology. Jun 1, 2025 · Maturation of biofloc bacterial biomass and bio-stimulatory effects were found to be the major mechanism. Understanding the diversity and functional role of microbiota within BFT-applied aquaculture systems is crucial for ensuring sustainable operations. In a zero-water exchange system, water quality is maintained by two functional bacterial Aug 8, 2023 · Biofloc technology (BFT) has gained increased interest as a potential low-cost and environmentally friendly method for sustainable aquaculture development. This is done Apr 1, 2021 · Water and biofloc were collected from each treatment on day 14 and day 30 for biofloc analysis. 7 kg/m 3 in nine 250-L Biofloc Systems Biofloc systems remove metabolic wastes from aquatic production systems. Jan 1, 2023 · The most effective biofloc-producing bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria, and these bacteria are reported from the beginning of the biofloc technology establishment. 2021. However, the specific microbial taxa within this intriguing community responsible for these benefits are largely unknown. Aug 4, 2020 · Nitrogen dynamics, bacterial community composition and biofloc quality in biofloc-based systems cultured Oreochromis niloticus with poly-β-hydroxybutyric and polycaprolactone as external carbohydrates. and can use sugarcane bagasse (SB) as a carbon source, which is a cheap byproduct of the sucrose industry in the tropic area of China. Jul 1, 2024 · A novel medium was used for the first time for identifying biofloc-producing bacteria. Mar 15, 2025 · Water quality parameters were monitored daily, and the bacterial communities in the biofloc system were evaluated every 15 days. This technology is widely used in intensive aquaculture for several aquatic species due to its capacity to significantly reduce water exchange rates, benefiting both production systems and the environment. 7 kg/m 3 in nine 250-L Oct 21, 2025 · Twelve pathogenic bacterial isolates were recovered from fish reared in biofloc environments and identified through morphological, biochemical, and molecular techniques. May 15, 2024 · Panigrahi, A. Feb 11, 2020 · Take a bucket of water from the BioFloc Tank, mix Jaggery and Probiotics. Jul 1, 2021 · The beneficial effects of two probiotic bacterial strains Marinilactibacillus piezotolerans and Novosphingobium sp. Biofloc systems were developed to improve environmental control over pro-duction. These flocs serve as a supplementary feed source for the fish and help maintain a healthy aquatic environment. Oct 1, 2022 · Microorganisms associated with biofloc have three major roles: maintaining water quality, providing nutrients to cultivated aquatic species, and create probiotic properties. They utilize the recycled nutrients and organic matters as a food in the production system. 0. There is a “natural probiotic” effect created by the presence of beneficial bacteria in the biofloc, competing with pathogens and improving immunity both internally and externally [20, 216 – 218]. All three strains have been identified as Bacillus spp. (2014) suggested that biofloc water contains an abundant number of bacteria biomass and the bacterial cell wall consists of various components such as bacterial peptidoglycan lipopolysaccharide and β-1, 3-glucans, which are potential immunostimulatory agents, stimulating the non-specific immune activity of shrimp. A study from Kim et al. In BFT, heterotrophic bacteria are the most common microbial community members forming the structure of biofloc. This study provides a practical example for the biochar application in biofloc-based systems for intensive aquaculture. Mar 22, 2025 · Gram-negative nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Nitrobacter (Nitrobacteraceae), N. These bioflocs serve as a natural feed source for fish, reducing reliance on expensive artificial feeds while mitigating the Sep 1, 2021 · Although the biofloc system can be manipulated to favor the activity of the heterotrophic bacterial community, it must remembered that the nitrifying (chemoautotrophic) bacterial community also plays a significant role in the control of nitrogenous waste within the biofloc system (Emerenciano et al. Providing vannamei May 16, 2024 · Consequently, shrimp are likely to consume biofloc bacteria, which in turn affects the microbial population in their gut and the biological functions of the shrimp. vannamei in a biofloc system: heterotrophic, chemoautotrophic and a mature biofloc system relative to the effects of water quality, water bacterial community, biofloc composition and yield. They play multiple roles in optimizing water quality, providing natural feed for cultured animals, and Nov 23, 2020 · Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that play an important role in the microbial balance of the microbiome and the water environment. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was reared at a density of 2. May 1, 2025 · Increasing the C/N ratio in biofloc systems leads to enhanced microbial activity, particularly heterotrophic bacterial proliferation, which utilizes organic carbon for growth. These bacteria were tested for their ability to produce biofloc using a newly developed combination of Biofloc Standard Mineral Water (BSMW) and Biofloc Standard Medium (BSM) in a laboratory setting, utilizing an Imhoff cone. The concept of this review may represent the efficacy of biofloc technology as an implicit tool in the fish culture system restricting the MPs contamination in water resources to safeguard ecological as well Oct 19, 2023 · Background Shrimp cultured in a biofloc system (BFS) have a lower disease incidence than those farmed in a water exchange system (WES). , 2022). However, many studies have noted that high levels of NO3− -N become concentrated in biofloc aquaculture systems (Table 1). In this study, we will examine the historical development and various types of biofloc systems, as well as the factors that influence their effectiveness. The composition and function of microorganisms with biofloc systems were reported; however, data on microorganisms other than bacteria, such as algae (which are Aug 1, 2022 · The conventional strategies for formation of biofloc is to stimulate heterotrophic bacteria growth by adding organic carbon sources by balancing carbon to nitrogen ration in the inoculumm (Avnimelech, 1999, Ebeling et al. The objective of the present study aimed to explore the best starter of biofloc in a red tilapia Oreochromis niloticus culture system. The bioremediator was applied directly to the biofloc water at a dosage of 3 g m3 (150 g per tank) every three days, following Feb 13, 2020 · Let's first understand what is BIOFloc. The growth of heterotrophic bacteria, algae Jan 15, 2024 · Biofloc technology (BFT) is a promising technique, but there has been ongoing debate between biofloc's properties and particle size. Nine Baci… Dec 1, 2024 · One such innovative approach is biofloc technology (BFT), an aquaculture production system characterized by the presence of diverse microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, microalgae, yeasts, fungi, and micro-invertebrates) and organic particles (consisting of deceased microorganisms, uneaten food, and feces), that form aggregates held together by a Jan 15, 2023 · Microbial derivatives such as β-1,3-glucan, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), lipopolysaccharides, and peptidoglycans in biofloc can trigger immunostimulatory effects on the host. The results showed that salinity impacts both the water parameters and the nutritional composition of the biofloc culture. This way (beneficial) bacteria present in the biofloc prevent the colonization of any harmful bacteria that ensure the highest survival rate of the fish in the farms (Megahed Oct 17, 2023 · As organic matters accumulate in the biofloc aquaculture system, heterotrophic bacteria use these organic carbon compounds as a source of energy and simultaneously assimilate ammonia and nitrite Oct 15, 2024 · A biofloc-based aquaculture system bio-augmented with probiotic bacteria Bacillus tequilensis AP BFT3 improves culture environment, production performances, and proteomic changes in Penaeus vannamei Artemia, fish that were fed with 20% biofloc diet showed reduced growth compared to the control group (Fig. Jan 15, 2025 · Biofloc technology (BFT) systems offer the potential to reduce water consumption and eliminate waste products by using beneficial bacteria, microalgae, and other microorganisms to convert waste into usable nutrients or non-toxic molecules (2, 8 – 11). vannamei could be biofloc. Although a number of studies have reported that the gut bacterial community induced by BFS is highly associated with shrimp disease resistance, the causal relationship remains unknown. Biofloc strategies for super-intensive shrimp production typically include members of all three of these microbial communities. 736640. This study evaluated the effect of vegetal-derived I am thrilled to share my new publication! This study explores the isolation and characterization of biofloc-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from shrimp pond environments in Visakhapatnam Sep 1, 2022 · Bacteria are metabolically active and create CO 2 and growth factors that are beneficial to the growth of microalgae (Wang et al. Biofloc technology (BT) is defined as ‘the use of aggregates of bacteria, algae, or protozoa, held together in a matrix along with particulate organic matter for the purpose of improving water quality, waste treatment and disease prevention in intensive aquaculture systems’. May 19, 2025 · Biofloc technology (BFT) has emerged as a transformative solution, harnessing self-organizing microbial consortia to establish nutrient-recycling ecosystems that enhance productivity while minimizing external inputs. , but the inoculation of biofloc systems with specific desired microorganisms needs further investigation in order to confirm these beneficial effects. Dec 13, 2024 · These results showed that biochar addition could promote biofloc nitrifying bacteria and nitrification to more effectively control harmful nitrogen for shrimp efficient production. The integration of microalgae on the BFT has the potential to improve the Jan 30, 2025 · The management of biofloc quality and quantity is critical in biofloc-based aquaculture systems. during the culture of Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus, under biofloc and Nov 29, 2021 · A study from Kim et al. BFT entails the Feb 11, 2020 · But mostly in Biofloc System, Heterotrophic Bacteria are used to remove ammonia and convert undigested feed into micro-bacteria protein, which is known as FLOCS. Role of Sea Salt: At the initial stage no need to add Sea Salts, it might hamper the initial bacterial growth. Both appeared to be immunostimulated as evident by elevated immune-gene expression. Moreover, this method decreases the feed conversion ratio and manufacturing costs Nov 29, 2021 · A study from Kim et al. , and Bacillus subtilis and their Dec 15, 2023 · The complex aggregation of bacteria flocs (bioflocs) plays a vital role in the inorganic nitrogen transformation process within biofloc systems. These aggregates consist of bacteria, algae, protozoa, and other microorganisms. Here, the promotive roles of gut bacterial community induced by BFS in Dec 13, 2024 · Biofloc-based systems (bacterial communities in bioflocs) are known for their good performance in controlling water quality and play an important role in N transformation and nitrogen dynamics. May 18, 2020 · Learn how new biofloc systems use probiotics to enable farmers to produce more, sustainable aquaculture products in cost-effective ways for customers. Biofloc technology refers to forming the flocs from particulate waste, making water cleaner and highly nutritious for animal consumption. This is done Jul 19, 2024 · Biofloc technology (BFT) has been identified as an effective and sustainable aquaculture method, particularly beneficial for warm-water species in tropical areas. May 17, 2024 · Biofloc technology reduces the environmental effects and reliance on fishmeal in the aquaculture business, which is experiencing growth. The bacteria form aggregates or colonies (called bioflocs) suspended in the water column. • However, both biofloc-fed Artemia and fish were better protected from bacterial challenge (Fig 4 B). Biofloc technology (BFT) is a system of aquaculture that uses "microbial biotechnology to increase the efficacy and utilization of fish feeds, where toxic materials such as nitrogen components are treated and converted to a useful product, like a protein for using as supplementary feeds to the fish and crustaceans. winogradskyi, and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Nitrosomonas (Nitrosomonadaceae), N. Feb 25, 2021 · Abstract This work aimed to evaluate three different strategies for rearing L. Mar 25, 2023 · Biofloc technology, extensively used in intensive aquaculture systems, can prompt the formation of microbial aggregates. Jan 11, 2024 · The limited water exchange and high bacterial load in the biofloc system, along with the consumption of bioflocs by fish, can have a significant effect on the sensory quality and characteristics of the fish. 2021;539 doi: 10. Nov 23, 2022 · Microbes are essential in biofloc technology for controlling nitrogen levels in water. Nov 15, 2024 · The coexistence of microalgae and bacteria enhances the aggregation of biofloc, primarily attributed to the positively charged polymers produced by bacteria, such as extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). This research aims to easily evaluate the multi-species biofloc bacteria consisting of Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Bacillus sp. The biofloc environment needs specific heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria for optimal system performance, hence screening perfect bacterial strains is crucial. Though some studies exist on BFT microbiota, research on microbial differences in Japanese eel aquaculture is still Jun 12, 2023 · The aggregate flocs are continually formed by a combination of bacteria, protozoa, and algae and are bound together by the bacterial and fungal film as well as filamentous bacteria and algae, ultimately resulting in a predominantly heterotrophic biofloc system (Hargreaves, 2013). The efficacy of BFT in Aug 17, 2024 · Biofloc fish farming is an aquaculture method that utilizes microbial protein through the cultivation of beneficial bacteria and algae to create a nutrient-rich environment for fish production. et al. These natural biofloc probiotics, studies show, tend to mitigate the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, helping to improve the immunity of the fish and shrimp. IMPORTANCE Biofloc technology has emerged as a sustainable aquaculture approach, utilizing microbial aggregates (bioflocs) to improve water quality and animal health. monodon and analyzed the ARGs therein. Feb 15, 2024 · By promoting the growth of helpful bacteria, biofloc systems keep harmful bacteria at bay, resulting in improved growth and health of shrimp and other aquatic animals. Jul 29, 2020 · How biofloc technology works? Bioflocs are macroaggregates (flocs) of bacteria, algae, protozoa (also known as zooplankton) and particulate organic matter such as uneaten food and feces. Organic substrates are feasible nucleators for the nutrient richness required by heterotrophic bacteria. Multi-species bacteria in biofloc fish farming systems are used as an effective way to decompose nitrogen waste. 736640 [DOI] [Google Scholar] Nov 24, 2022 · The biofloc technology (BFT) system has been widely applied in the shrimp and fish culture industry for its advantages in water-saving, growth improvement, and water quality purification. , 2008, Krummenauer et al. europaea, are recorded in biofloc systems [26]. Fish mucus was found to be bactericidal mostly against fish pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda due to antagonistic effect of probiotic microbiome of green slime. This article provides an overview of the evolving field of biofloc system technology within aquaculture. Dec 13, 2024 · Biofloc-based systems (bacterial communities in bioflocs) are known for their good performance in controlling water quality and play an important role in N transformation and nitrogen dynamics. Mar 1, 2020 · Effect of bio-augmentation of Bacillus spp in biofloc on growth, survival and immunity in Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus was evaluated. Oct 1, 2023 · balance (Avnimelech, 1999). Apr 30, 2013 · Growth enhancement has been attributed to both bacterial and algae nutritional components, which up to 30% of conventional feeding ration can be lowered due to biofloc consumption in shrimp [29]. In aeration conditions, the algal-bacterial biofloc is more efficient at removing toxic nitrogen and forming biofloc, but more energy-consuming than in non-aeration conditions (Shen et al. There are strong economic incentives for an aqua-culture business to be more efficient with production inputs, especially the most costly (feed) and most limiting (water or Can we feed fish or shrimp with bacteria Bacteria are very small. This study investigated the relationship between long-term particle size variation and the production performance of BFT aquaculture systems. Oct 18, 2022 · In this review, the ability of biofloc bacteria to degrade microplastics has been summarized by collating the results of previous studies. Jan 18, 2022 · The abundance of nitrogen compounds, phosphorous compounds and organic matter in biofloc technology (BFT) aquaculture systems creates an ideal medium for increasing microbial communities and load Jan 3, 2022 · In this study, we used metagenomic sequencing to comprehensively compare the structure and function of bacterial communities in water, biofloc, and intestinal samples from a biofloc-based aquaculture system of P. Dec 9, 2022 · Biofloc technology involves the manipulation of the culture system’s carbon: nitrogen ratio to promote bacterial community growth to convert toxic nitrogenous wastes and organics into functional microbial protein; this protein can then be used as a food source and mediate water quality. Abstract. Bacteria that convert ammonia to nitrate are cultured in the main rearing tank as opposed to in a separate vessel. The study used out Abstract Biofloc is a conglomeric aggregation of microbial communities such as phytoplank-ton, bacteria, and living and dead particulate organic matter. Th These results suggest that the bioflocculant and cellulase-producing bacteria strains could promote the biofloc formation and the growth of shrimps by using SB as an economic substitute carbon source in the BFT shrimp culture system. Jan 15, 2025 · Biofloc form a complex system in which various nitrogen metabolic pathways are present; photoautotrophic uptake by algae, heterotrophic and autotrophic bacterial respiration and assimilation, as well as fungal assimilation (Ebeling et al. aquaculture. , Bacillus sp. heterotrophic-like bacteria (e. Sucrose is an effective carbon source for creating more reliable and environmentally friendly conditions for shrimp growth by regulating bacteria in biofloc-based culture systems. Enterobacter cloacae sp. Jan 18, 2017 · Biofloc technology (BFT) is considered the new “blue revolution” in aquaculture. This study investigated the effect of biofloc concentrations and carbohydrate adding methods on the water quality, bacterial community compositions, and growth performance of African catfish IMPORTANCE Biofloc technology has emerged as a sustainable aquaculture approach, utilizing microbial aggregates (bioflocs) to improve water quality and animal health. Simultaneously, the chemoautotrophic nitrifiers are fewer in number than other types of bacteria, which in turn leads to less efflux of nitrogen to the ecosystem of the pond. , 2021). However, The BFT system usually takes a long time to establish, Oct 1, 2024 · Biofloc technology (BFT) systems heavily rely on microbiota to mitigate ammonia toxicity and manage essential nutrient cycling. It may act as a complete source of nutrition for aquatic Jun 17, 2025 · Biofloc technology (BFT) is an innovative approach derived from zero-water-exchange aquaculture technology and activated sludge water treatment principles. In places where water is scarce or land is expensive, more intensive forms of aquaculture must be practiced for cost-effective production. This technique removes organic nitrogen from aquaculture effluent, improves water quality, and generates microbial protein for use as a feed supplement for aquatic animals. Dec 1, 2023 · The increased C:N ratio promotes the growth of heterotrophic bacteria, which absorb ammonia nitrogen from the water, leading to further biofloc formation (De Schryver et al. A substantial portion of these organisms are contained on and within biofloc particles which can reach a diameter of up to a few mm, and are primarily made up of microorganisms, feces, detritus, and exopolymeric substances. Through high-throughput sequencing, the isolated bacterium was identified as E. , 2017). and Lactobacillus sp. , 2014, Soliman and Abdel-Tawwab, 2022). Jul 1, 2024 · Biofloc was developed to enhance Fish Farming by recycling waste and turning organic matter into feed using probiotics and carbon sources. Compounding this challenge, many bacterial taxa resist laboratory cultivation, hindering taxonomic and . Such technique is based on in situ microorganism production which plays three major roles: (i) maintenance of water quality, by the uptake of nitrogen compounds generating in situ microbial protein; (ii) nutrition, increasing culture feasibility by reducing feed conversion ratio (FCR) and a decrease of feed May 1, 2011 · Heterotrophic bacteria have short generation times and can be established quickly, whereas nitrifying bacteria grow and divide more slowly and require careful management in a biofloc system. 1 ml of the water was then observed under a light microscope (Olympus BX51; Japan). These aggregate forms the core component of the system and responsible water quality regulation while serving as nutrient source [40, 41]. Uniformly put this mix in the BioFloc Tank. A novel medium was used for the first time for identifying biofloc-producing bacteria. Dec 1, 2022 · A novel study on the effectiveness of bioflocculant-producing bacteria Bacillus enclensis, isolated from biofloc-based system as a biodegrader in microplastic pollution Mar 1, 2020 · Effect of bio-augmentation of Bacillus spp in biofloc on growth, survival and immunity in Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus was evaluated. Microbes are essential in biofloc technology for controlling nitrogen levels in water. in all stages of biofloc formation reinforces the need for new … Sep 15, 2024 · It has been observed that although the abundances of the added probiotics decrease, water properties improved in the biofloc system, being contributed to the autochthonal bacterial community affected by the added probiotics (Gao et al. Future investigations to characterise bacteria in BFT aquaculture systems and their roles and mediating factors are suggested. Unlike traditional fish farming methods, biofloc technology promotes water conservation and reduces the environmental impact of fish cultivation Biofloc Systems Biofloc systems remove metabolic wastes from aquatic production systems. However, few reports have focused on the bacterial co-occurrence of flocs supplemented with different carbohydrate sources. ) on the frying phase of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under biofloc conditions. Snakehead (Channa striata Bloch, 1793) fish farmers require biofloc bacteria to improve growth performance. Jan 15, 2023 · Therefore, this study identified the composition of the biofloc bacterial community by high-throughput sequencing and evaluated its influence on the enzymatic activity of the Nile tilapia intestinal tract. In the water column, such systems develop conglomerates of microbes, algae and protozoa, together with detritus and dead organic particles. " [1] In high nitrogen environments, the beneficial heterotrophic bacteria are In addition, some bacteria that can form floc, are being used in fish and shellfish culture systems to treat toxic pollutants as the heterotrophic bacteria use organic compounds to grow and are effective in degrading microplastics and minimizing toxic nitrogen loads in aquaculture systems. Microbial Community in Biofloc Biofloc is defined as a set of organic matters formed usually at high density as suspended particles (33 – 35), and it comprises 60–70% of organic materials, and combination of fungi, algae, bacteria, protozoa, rotifer, nematodes, and other inorganic substances (36). Also, biofloc could be a source of potential probiotics due to the presence of e. The colonization process in floating substrates is elemental for BFT proliferation and biomass increase. This Biofloc system has allowed aquaculture farms to reduce and sometimes eliminate water exchange, though providing added value through the products resulting from microbial metabolism Aug 1, 2012 · These results indicate that inoculating biofloc reactors with probiotic bacteria might have biocontrol effect toward Vibrio spp. Presence of Halomonas sp. Microplastics (MPs) are detec… In this study, bioflocculant-producing bacteria were successfully identified which are perfect candidates in forming biofloc to reduce water pollution towards a sustainable aquaculture industry. Strain KBF-103 exhibited rapid biofloc production within 24 hours, making it suitable for pond water application. Sep 8, 2022 · Biofloc technology (BFT) has achieved sustainable aquaculture production, intensification, and profitable food-producing activity. Compounding this challenge, many bacterial taxa resist laboratory cultivation, hindering taxonomic and tbreak and expand the percentage of survival during the harvest. This review focusses on the bacteria in BFT aquaculture systems, their role as food for animals present in the culture and their various relationships with major nutrients. g. , 2006; Xu et al. was identified as a novel heterotrophic bacterium isolated from freshwater pond sediment during July, 2022. 10 g of biomass was taken for the determination of the bacteria community. Bio-augmentation of heterotrophic bacteria in biofloc system improves growth, survival, and immunity of Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus. Jan 30, 2025 · Abstract The management of biofloc quality and quantity is critical in biofloc-based aquaculture systems. Bioflocs are flocculent aggregates formed by bacteria, algae, protozoa, and other organisms through biological flocculation [14]. Luckily, when we have a dense culture, They tend to form bioflocs, containing bacteria, other organisms and organic particles. , 2006). … Apr 24, 2020 · Biofloc is a potential technology to overcome this problem. In reference [9] was reported that more than 29% of daily food consumed for L. and Bacillus sp. Keywords: biofloc, sugarcane bagasse, Litopenaeus vannamei, bioflocculant, cellulase Introduction Dec 9, 2023 · Introduction: The Biofloc technology is to solve the problems of water pollution and improve the use of water resources, and recycling the nutrients found in the water by a community of heterotrophic bacteria. External shearing force introduction could keep bioflocs at a smaller size level chronically, and 97% of smaller bioflocs Mar 10, 2025 · The present field study evaluated the effects of a commercial multi-strain bioremediator (Thiobacillus denitrificans, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Paracoccus sp. Mar 1, 2025 · The diversity and complex nature of Biofloc comprises bacteria, algae, protozoa, and other microorganisms which together form an aggregate of organic matter and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Jan 24, 2024 · The enrichment of diet with beneficial bacteria (single-or multi-strain) in biofloc system enhanced the water quality, growth performance, immune responses, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture . Nov 24, 2022 · Three bioflocculant-producing bacteria strains (M13, M15, and M17) have been screened from a cellulolytic strain collection. Dec 15, 2023 · Bacterial communities thriving in various components determine the host health and water quality in biofloc technology (BFT)-based aquaculture system. Sep 15, 2018 · Six prospective biofloc bacteria with increased flocculation activity were identified in this study, and these can be used in further studies on mud crab hatchery operations. , 2019), indicating the important role of autochthonal bacteria. The present study endeavoured to investigate the efficacy of biofloc technology (BFT) and clear water system (CWS) on nursery rearing of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT). Dec 1, 2024 · One such innovative approach is biofloc technology (BFT), an aquaculture production system characterized by the presence of diverse microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, microalgae, yeasts, fungi, and micro-invertebrates) and organic particles (consisting of deceased microorganisms, uneaten food, and feces), that form aggregates held together by a Jan 15, 2023 · Microbial derivatives such as β-1,3-glucan, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), lipopolysaccharides, and peptidoglycans in biofloc can trigger immunostimulatory effects on the host. Previous attempts to characterize biofloc microbiota identified complex bacterial populations as the predominating microbial components [3,6,10]. rxtzc zjfl zrusfz xkunjnz uxy kigq yxf xifkxtj ppf arcsb xgsrh ipygmg pfv caqds eaxwmfi